IRNSS Features | IRNSS GPS in INDIA | IRNSS network elements
This article covers IRNSS GPS INDIA features, IRNSS network elements, configuration, constellations, applications, services etc. IRNSS (INDIAN REGIONAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM) is GPS of INDIA.
IRNSS is independent Indian Navigation Satellite System which provides GPS services to the public and private users in the Indian region. It covers coverage region of about 1500 Km around the indian territory. The entire system has been developed by ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation). The development of IRNSS has been managed by ISRO Bangalore in consultation and support from other of its centres.
The development of this indigenous system opens the door for IRNSS compliant products such as IRNSS receivers, IRNSS test and measurement software and hardware units etc. The success of IRNSS system largely depends on spacecraft and groud stations.
Once the system is fully operational and stable somewhere in 2017 or 2018, Indian users of GPS services need not have to depend upon GPS services provided by USA using their satellites. This will reduce the delay to great extent to avail such services to be loaded on the smartphones or tablets. This means GPS apps will run faster.
IRNSS network configuration, constellation, elements
• The entire IRNSS system has been divided into three major elements viz. space segment,
Ground segment, user segment.
• The space segment consists of total 7 navigation satellites.
The three satellites are located in GEO (Geo Stationary Orbit) at 34o, 83o and 132o East.
The four satellites are located in GSO (Geo synchronous orbit) at 29o of inclination with longitude crossing 55o and 111o East.
The table-2 below mentions navigation satellites launched by INDIA to provide
GPS services in indian origin. SPS uses BPSK modulation while PS uses BOC (Binary Offset Carrier)
modulation techniques.
• The Ground Segment consists of IRIM (IRNSS Ranging and Integrity Monitoring Stations),
INC (IRNSS Navigation Control Center), SCC (Spacecraft Control Centre), IRNSS telemetry and command stations and CDMA ranging stations.
Each of these ground segment systems have specific functions to maintain and manage the entire IRNSS GPS system.
| Feature | IRNSS Support |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 10 to 15 meters with single antenna 5 to 8 meters with dual antenna (with two frequencies) |
| Frequency Bands | L5 Band(1176.45 MHz) S Band (2492.028 MHz) |
| Service Area | between longitude 40o East to 140o East and between latitude +/-40o |
| Coverage | About 1500 Km from indian boundary |
| Total satellites providing IRNSS GPS service | 7 total, 3 are GEO and 4 are GSO |
| Services Offered | SPS (Standard Positioning Service) PS (Precision Service) |
| IRNSS receiver G/T | -27 dB/K |
Table-1: IRNSS Features
• The user segment consists of specially designed IRNSS receivers. The IRNSS receivers are available with single and double frequency reception. IRNSS receivers continuously in track with satellite constellations. The end users are the people using the GPS services for finding location in GPS maps, government agencies wanted to find exact location of any GPS user etc.
Satellites launched by INDIA, IRNSS-1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G
Following table mentions IRNSS satellites launched by INDIA for GPS navigation services. These satellites create IRNSS constellation in space. All these IRNSS satellites are launched using PSLV as launch vehicle by ISRO.
| Name | Launch date |
|---|---|
| IRNSS-1A | July 1, 2013 |
| IRNSS-1B | April 4, 2014 |
| IRNSS-1C | Oct. 16, 2014 |
| IRNSS-1D | March 28, 2015 |
| IRNSS-1E | Jan. 20, 2016 |
| IRNSS-1F | March 10, 2016 |
| IRNSS-1G | April 28, 2016 |
Table-2: Satellites launched by INDIA for IRNSS services
IRNSS GPS INDIA Applications
Following are the applications of IRNSS
• Offers good accuracy to locate the place.
• Entire constellation is visible all the time to IRNSS receiver users.
• Ionospheric correction messages are provided to the end user.
• Vehicle tracking and management
• Disaster management
• terrestrial navigation, aerial navigation,
marine navigation
• navigation services for the drivers.
• Map data collection for analysis
• GPS integration in smart devices such as
mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, gadgets etc.
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