K-Line Frame Analysis & Automotive Data Analyzer Tool
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Introduction : The legacy K‑Line bus (including ISO 9141 and KWP2000) is a single wire serial protocol used in older vehicle diagnostic and control systems.
KWP2000 Over K-Line Frame Structure
It consists of defined frame structure which includes Format, Target address, source address, length, service ID, data and check sum.
KWP2000 supports two header formats:
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Short Header (3-byte header) : used when data length <= 63 bytes
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Long Header (4-byte header) : used when data length > 63 bytes
| Field | Size | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Format Byte | 1 Byte | PCI – Protocol Control Information; Tells the ECU/tester the length of the upcoming data section. Defines that the message is short header (Bit7=0). |
| Target Address | 1 Byte | Identifies which ECU the frame is for. |
| Source Address | 1 Byte | Identifies the sender of the frame. |
| Length Information | 2 bytes | LEN_L and LEN_H together encode data length using Length = (LEN_H × 256) + LEN_L; Supports messages up to 4095 bytes. |
| Service ID | 1 Byte | First byte of Data field. Specifies the diagnostic service or command being executed. Example : 0x10 – Start Diagnostic Session |
| Data Bytes | 0-63 bytes | Provides arguments required by the Service ID. |
| Checksum | 1 byte | Verify integrity of the entire frame. |
K-line Bus Data logger tool
| Manufacturers | Product/features |
|---|---|
| Vector Informatik | VN1600 series interface supports K-Line along with CAN, LIN etc. |
| Diagcode Ltd. | OBDII Logger : It has K-line channels to capture and log K-line traffic. Another tool is J2534 Logger. |
| Influx Technology | Rebel LT : Analyses K-line and CAN protocols. |
| Accurate Technologies Inc. (ATI) | DLX Datalogger : one ISO 9141 compliant K-Line channel and two high speed CAN 2.0B channels |
| AutoPi.io | AutoPi Mini is a plug-and-play device which comes with integrated K-line and CAN interface. |
Summary: A K-Line frame analysis and data analyzer tool gives visibility into these legacy networks, enabling service engineers to decode, log and troubleshoot historic vehicle communication systems that are still in operation.