Microwave heating
Electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range from 300 MHz to 300 Ghz is referred as microwave radiation or RF radiation.Out of these microwave frequencies particularly at 896,950,2450,3300,5800 and 10525 MHz have been found applications in industrial,scientific and medical domain. The applications of microwave heating are found in cooking,baking,sterilising,curing,drying and more.The areas where microwave energy is in use now-a-days are cosmetics,textiles and chemical industry.
Any dielectric material will have loss due to non-zero conductivity and permittivity. Microwave signals penetrate into such dielectric materials and dissipate heat due to ohmic loss.
Microwave Oven
It is a metallic cooking chamber or cavity excited with the frequency of 2450 MHz generated using magnetron oscillator. The frequency 2450 MHz is chosen in microwave oven as at this frequency balance between heat generated by food and penetration of microwave energy is obtained.
Microwave energy generated is launched into the stainless steel cavity part of the microwave oven where the food is placed with the use of waveguide. To generate different modes rotating blade is used, which reflects microwave energy to generate multimode fields. This also helps produce uniform heating in the microwave oven cavity part. The molecules in the food gets vibrated at the frequency of 2450MHz and heated up due to friction and hence food gets cooked.
The input power to the microwave oven is normally 1 to 1.5KW and produces max. power of about 600 to 700 watt at 2450 MHz.
Modern microwave ovens are designed with microprocessor circuitry to control cooking time and temperature as desired. Once these parameters are satisfied in the program , megnetron in the microwave oven is switched off automatically.
Oven is designed so that microwave energy will not get leaked. For this door is designed with proper shielding.The microwave power is switched off automatically when the door is opened by the user hence prevents any damage to the user.
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