What is Wi-SUN Border Router | Funtion and working
This page mentions functions of Wi-SUN Border Router. It describes working of Wi-SUN Border Router.
Introduction: Wi-SUN is a wireless technology used for utilities, smart homes, smart cities and IoT applications. It follows various IEEE, IETF and ANSI/TIA standards for development of its devices or nodes or routers. Wi-SUN FAN consists of various protocol layers viz. PHY (IEEE 802.15.4g) , MAC (IEEE 802.15.4e), network (IPv6 over 6LoWPAN), transport (UDP), application and security layers. It uses different frequency bands less than 1 GHz across various countries. it uses 2.45 GHz for IoT applications world wide.
Functions of Wi-SUN Border Router
Wi-SUN FAN can operate in star or full mesh topology. Border router is a node which provides WAN connectivity to FAN. It maintains source routing tables. It provides node authentication and key management services. It disseminates PAN wide information.
Figure-1 : Border Router in a Wi-SUN network
The term FAN (i.e. Field Area Network) refers to network consisting of one or more PANs (Personal Area Network). As shown Wi-SUN network consists of router node, lead node and border router. Border router is interfaced with WAN using cellular, ethernet or fiber optic links.
PAN network consists of two kinds of devices viz. RFD and FFD.
• RFD (Reduced Function Device) does not allow other devices to associate. RFD can only functions
as Leaf node.
• FFD (Full Function Device) act as border router, router node or leaf node.
• Router Node : It is the node which provides upward and downward packet forwarding.
It adds security to packets being transported.
It takes care of address management protocols.
• Leaf node : It is the node which offers minimum capabilities e.g. discovering PAN, joining PAN,
sending IPv6 packets, receiving IPv6 packets and so on.
How Wi-SUN Border Router works | Wi-SUN Border Router Working
Wi-SUN FAN uses non-storing mode of RPL which requires establishment of DODAGs. To establish DODAG (Destination Advertisement Object), border router multicasts DIO (DODAG Information Object) message to its neighbors.
There are different types of short addressing (of size 16 bits) viz. unicast, multicast and broadcast. Unicast refers to one to one, multicast refers one to many in a specific group, broadcast refers to one to all. In Wi-SUN non-storing mode for peer to peer communication, packet originated from source node goes up to the Border Router at first and later it is delivered to destination node via source routing as defined in RFC6997.
References:
• Wi-SUN FAN Overview from tools.ietf.org
• wi-sun.org
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