Radar Classification and Types: A Comprehensive Overview

This article delves into the classification of radar systems, exploring different types based on frequency, waveform, Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF), and their specific applications.

As illustrated in the figure below, radar systems can be categorized in the following ways:

• Frequency
• Waveform
• PRF Pulse
• Application

Radar Classification

Frequency Based Radar Types

Radars are often classified by the frequency bands they utilize. Here are some common frequency-based radar types:

• HF Band Radars
• VHF and UHF band radars
• L-Band Radars
• S-Band Radars
• C-Band Radars
• X-Band Radars
• Ku, K, Ka Band Radars
• Infrared, Visible light band radars

Waveform Based Radar Classification

Another method of classifying radar is based on the type of waveform they transmit:

• Unmodulated CW radar (Continuous Wave)
• Modulated CW radar
• Gated CW pulsed radar
• Complex waveform pulsed radars

PRF Based Radar Types - LPRF Radar and HPRF Radar

Radar systems can also be classified based on their Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF):

• LPRF Radar: LPRF stands for Low Pulse Repetition Frequency Radar. It’s particularly useful for determining the range to a target.

• HPRF Radar: HPRF stands for High Pulse Repetition Frequency Radar. Also known as pulse Doppler radar, it excels at measuring Doppler shift, which allows for velocity determination. However, HPRF radars are generally not used for range measurements.

Application Based Radar Classification

Finally, radar systems are often classified based on their specific applications:

• Search radars (surface, air)
• Warning radars (e.g., weather forecast radars)
• Spacecraft detection radars
• Fire control radars
• Ground mapping radars
• SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)
• Air to Surface radars
• Sea surface radar
• Ground moving target search radars
• Tracking radar
• Range radar
• Velocity search radar