What is Antenna Factor ? | Antenna factor Definition
The figure depicts transmitting antenna and receiving antenna in a wireless communication chain. It is used as very useful parameter for EMC and EMI testing as it defines relation between E-field around antenna and voltage produced by it.
Antenna Factor definition: The ratio of incident electric field to generated voltage output from antenna is known as antenna factor. This is expressed in following antenna factor formula.
Antenna factor can also be defined as ratio of magnetic field to received voltage.
It can be expressed as follows.
AFMagnetic = Hincident/Vreceived
Power density of the wave (watts per unit area) in free space can be expressed as product of E and H field.
Hence we will have PFS = E * H = |E|2/η
η is intrinsic impedance of free space.
Power captured by antenna from free space can be expressed as follows.
Preceived = PFS * Ae
Where Ae is antenna aperture, which can be expressed as
Ae = ( λ2 * G )/ (4 * π)
At the antenna receiver, received power can be expressed as follows.
Pr = V2/Zload
From above, antenna factor can be expressed in different formula or equations as below.
Following formula is used for antenna factor to gain conversion as well as for gain to antenna factor conversion.
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