Rectangular waveguide vs Circular waveguide
This page on Rectangular waveguide vs Circular waveguide describes difference between Rectangular waveguide and Circular waveguide.
Both the waveguides are metal hollow structure to guide EM waves. Depending upon the shapes they are designated as rectangular or circular. Both types of waveguide behaves much like a High Pass Filter and is basically a passive microwave device. Cutoff frequency equations are mentioned below.
Rectangular waveguide
Figure depicts Rectangular waveguide with broad dimension and narrow dimension in the form
of rectangular.
Cutoff wavelength equation for rectangular waveguide is define below.
Here, m= number of half-wave along broad side dimension,
N= number of half-wave along the shorter side.
Following table mentions cutoff wavelengths and cutoff frequencies for various common modes in a rectangular waveguide.
| Mode | Cutoff Wavelength(λc) | Cutoff Frequency(fc) |
|---|---|---|
| TE10 | 2*a, a=broad dimension | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/(2*a)) |
| TE11, TM11 | (2*a*b)/(a2 + b2)0.5 | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * ((a2 + b2)0.5/(2*a*b)) |
| TE20 | a | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/a) |
| TE01 | 2*b | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/(2*b)) |
Circular waveguide
Figure depicts Circular waveguide. Cutoff Frequency equation for circular waveguide fc is defined below , fc= (1.8412 * c /2*pi*a) Where, c is the speed of light within waveguide and a is the radius of the circular cross section.
Dominant mode in rectangular waveguide is TE10 and in circular waveguide is TE11.
Rectangular to circular waveguide transition convert dominant TE10 mode of rectangular waveguide to TE11 dominant mode of circular waveguide and vice versa.
Following table mentions cutoff wavelengths and cutoff frequencies for various common modes in a circular waveguide.
| Mode | Cutoff Wavelength | Cutoff Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| TE11 | 1.706d, d=diameter of the waveguide | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/(1.706*d)) |
| TM01 | 1.306d | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/(1.306*d)) |
| TE21 | 1.028d | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/(1.028*d)) |
| TM11 | 0.820d | ( 1/(με)0.5 ) * (1/(0.820*d)) |
WAVEGUIDE RELATED LINKS
RF Switch basics and applications along with manufacturers of RF switch refer following link:
RF Switch
For types of waveguide viz. rectangular & circular, waveguide propagation modes, impedance matching of waveguide read following waveguide tutorial.
waveguide basics tutorial
Manufacturers of waveguide components such as waveguide to coaxial adapter, coupler, flanges, gasket, tees, termination, shorts, isolator, circulator, horn antenna, attenuator, feed-thrus, bends, loads, twists, straights, pressure windows, transformers, sliding short circuits, fixed short circuits, sliding mismatches etc. visit following link.
Waveguide components manufacturer
Rectangular waveguide dimensions as per USA standard including frequency, broad dimension and narrow dimensions, visit following link.
Waveguide dimensions table
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