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LiFi Frequency Range and Wavelength Bands Explained

lifi wireless communication frequency band wavelength visible light

LiFi (Light Fidelity) uses visible light, ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) light spectrums for data transmission, unlike WiFi, which uses the radio frequency spectrum.

The frequency range of LiFi depends on the light sources used, such as visible, UV, and IR light, as described below:

Visible Light Spectrum: 430 THz to 770 THz (wavelengths approximately between 700 nm to 400 nm)
Infrared Spectrum: 300 GHz to 430 THz (wavelengths longer than 700 nm)
Ultraviolet Spectrum: Above 770 THz, though less commonly used in LiFi systems

The relationship between wavelength and frequency is given by the following equation:

$λ = \frac{c}{frequency}$

where $c = 3 \times 10^8$ meters/second (the speed of light).

LiFi standard compliant devices operate in the wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm. These devices can operate on one or multiple visible light frequency bands. The LiFi wavelength bands, their spectral widths, and possible code combinations are shown in the table below.

Table 1: LiFi Bands

LiFi Wavelength Bands	Spectral Width (nm)	Code
380 to 478 nm	98 nm	000
478 to 540 nm	62 nm	001
540 to 588 nm	48 nm	010
588 to 633 nm	45 nm	011
633 to 679 nm	46 nm	100
679 to 726 nm	47 nm	101
726 to 780 nm	54 nm	110
Reserved		111