3D Bioprinting | 3D Bio-Printer | Printing Body Parts
This tutorial covers 3D Bioprinting and 3D Bio-Printer. The basics of Bioprinting used to print body parts or organs and Bioprinting process used by Bio-printers in medical domain is also mentioned.
The 3D printer used to develop body organs or parts is known as Bio-printer and the process involved for this is known as Bio-printing. The body parts or organs include skin, blood vessels, bladder, stomach, kidney, liver etc.
Bio-materials are used for Bioprinting in clean and temperature controlled environment. The software tools such as 3D CAD, CATIA-V5 etc. are used for 3D design and simulation of the body parts or organs.
Bio-materials include Fibrin Hydrogel materials, alginate like polymers and other naturally derived polymers such as collagen, gelatin, chitosan, fibrin, hyaluronic acid etc. These are the materials used in casting process.
3D Bioprinting Process | 3D Organ Printing
Bioprinting process is categorized into three parts Pre-processing, Processing and Post-Processing.
Following are the steps are followed during 3D Bioprinting process:
➨Once the desired dimensions are available, virtual model of the organ is created
using 3D CAD or CATIA program.
➨The developed design is loaded in the head pin of Bio-printer.
The bio-printer is already filled with hydrogel to create organ structure.
Stem cells are also used as per organ to be developed if required.
➨Organ printing is carried out layer wise.
Initially layer of hydrogel is created as frame.
This is followed by differentiated stem cells.
Printing is usually carried out from inside part first and will follow towards outer edge in order to
maintain thickess as appripriate as required for the desired cavity structure.
➨Integration of the developed organ with the human body is a challenge which takes some time.
When blood runs through these developed cavities, it will bring organs to the life.
➨The entire Bioprinting process can take up about 10 hours to 48 hours depending upon the
organ to be developed or printed. Knee cartilage takes less time while oesophagus takes more time.
➨After the processing is done, printed parts are kept in the bio-reactor.
Here the printed body parts or organs are fed and will be cultivated to help cells replicate in millions.
➨The appropriate humidity and temperature is maintained with clean environment in the
entire 3D Bioprinting process.
➨This process can be used to produce tissues in different formats as desired.
3D Bio-Printer features | Machine which prints human organs
Following are the silent features of 3D Bio-Printer used as organ printing.
• Bio-printers output cells as well as dissolvable get to protect the cells while printing process.
• Multiple cartridges are used. The end of it is connected to micro-scale nozzle.
The top is connected to air pressure controller to control the dispensing volume precisely.
• The Bio-printers can produce the organs in the real time directly on the human body which minimizes
the time. This is due to the fact that first organs are produced and later integrated with
the human body.
This Bioprinting tutorial covers very basic information on 3D Bioprinting and Bio-printer used to produce human body parts or organs. This technology is evolving and there is a room for research in terms of cutting the time to produce the organs as well as to integrate the same with the human being effectively.
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