Frame Relay vs X.25-Difference between frame relay and X.25
This page on Frame Relay vs X.25 describes difference between frame relay and X.25.
As we know packet switching system is a network of exchanges using
high speed switches to connect multiple inputs with multiple outputs.
There are three key parts to the packet switching system viz. switches, routers and TCP/IP software.
Most of the exchanges are interlinked with other exchanges within the network.
There are many possible paths through the various exchanges.
Data is converted into packets suitable to the format as required for transmission medium.
There are three popular packet switching systems. They are X.25, frame relay and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode).
X.25
Conventional packet switched networks use the X.25 protocols at the interfaces between all the links and switching centres. In X.25, errors are corrected by retransmission on a link by link basis. Moreover acknowledgement must always be received by a switching centre before transmission of the next packet of the message.
The above are major drawbacks of X.25 network when error rates of the links are very low.
In this scenario, end to end error control between terminals is sufficient. Frame relay is designed to take care of this
situation.
Refer X.25 protocol tutorial➤
for X.25 basics, X.25 frame structure and more.
Frame Relay
For the links having low error rates, frame relay has been developed. In frame relay network, each switching centre simply relays frames to be sent to the next. It does not perform error checks and does not reply any acknowledgements. This way increased throughput along with smaller delay can be achieved.
Let us see the main difference between frame Relay and X.25 packet switching below:
➤As mentioned above, in frame relay there is no link by link flow control or error control.
These are considered to be responsibilities of the users' terminals.
➤Moreover switching of logical connections are carried at layer-2 and not at layer-3.
This eliminates one layer of processing and hence makes processing faster.
➤ Call control signalling is done on logical connection separate from the data.
Due to this reason, intermediate nodes do not require to process call control messages on a basis of
individual connections.
Refer Frame Relay tutorial➤ which describes
frame relay Network, Frame, Switch, Topology, Service, configuration, advantages, disadvantages etc.
Following table mentions similarities and difference between frame relay and X.25.
| Frame Relay | X.25 |
|---|---|
| No error detection hence it provides greater speeds. | Error detection hence it provides error free delivery. It contains fields which are used for error and flow control. |
| It has Physical layer and data link layer. Hence higher performance and greater transmission rate is achieved. | It has physical, data link and network layers. |
| It prepares and sends frames. | It prepares and sends packets. |
| It can dynamically allocate bandwidth. | Fixed bandwidth is available in X.25 network. |
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