Batteries-Primary cell and Secondary cell

This page covers basics of batteries and mention its types viz. primary cell battery and secondary cell battery. Mobile battery manufacturers are listed here.

The voltage requirement for circuits consisting of semiconductor devices seldom exceed 30V and it may require around 1.5V. Batteries are appropriate for low power applications in the radios, watches and pocket calculators. For larger and less frequent replacements power supply units are used.

A battery consists of two or more cells connected together to produce a higher voltage. sometimes the term can be used for single cell. Batteries are of two types based on whether they can be recharged or not. Figure depicts silicon oxide button cell batteries.

Primary cell battery

These batteries are non rechargeable. They will be discarded after few hours of use. They are also referred as dry batteries.

Types of primary cell batteries

Following table summarizes popular types of primary cell batteries with voltages when supplying with moderate currents for example 30mA for size AA or U12.

Primary Cell	Voltage	Property	Application
Mercury	1.3	voltage almost constant till discharged best for low current application, • large capacity for their size, • made as button shape • have long shelf life and are expensive	• Watch• calculator• camera• hearing aid
Silver oxide	1.5	as mentioned in mercury	same as mentioned for mercury
Carbon zinc	1.5	• most popular type of battery• voltage falls as current increases• best for low current and frequent use• • cheap battery	• Torch • Radio
Alkaline-manganese	1.5	• voltage does not fall to large value when in use • long shelf life • better for high current application • life four times thancarbon zinc battery of same size • medium price	• Radio • calculator• photographic flash unit

Secondary cell battery

Batteries falling under this type are referred as accumulators. After discharging they can be recharged repeatedly by passing current through them in reverse direction. They can be recharged for some lifetime and not indefinitely.

They supply high current continuously based on capacity. The capacity of this battery is measured in Ah (i.e. Ampere-hours) for a specified discharge rate. For Example: A battery of capacity 30Ah will provide current of 3A for 10 hours or 1A for 30 hours and so on.

The nickel cadmium cell is very useful which has steady voltage of 1.2V and most useful for electronic equipments. These batteries can be recharged by a constant current power supply. They supply high currents and have longer life. Button type are used as rechargeable batteries for calculators and also as electric shavers.

Secondary cell batteries are of same size but have higher cost compare to primary type. Figure-2 depicts samsung mobile battery which falls under rechargeable type.

Mobile Battery manufacturers

KONARRK INDUSTRIES
Nmv International
Blue Bell Electronics & Technologies
AR Industries
Deepak Enterprises

RF and Wireless Terminologies

SATELLITE RF Antenna Avionics Wireless LiFi vs WiFi MiFi vs WiFi BPSK vs QPSK BJT vs FET PDH vs SDH CS vs PS MS vs PS