Difference Between VLC and LiFi: A Comparison of Visible Light Communication and Light Fidelity
Visible Light Communication (VLC) and Light Fidelity (LiFi) are two cutting-edge technologies that use light to transmit data wirelessly. While VLC focuses solely on communication within the visible light spectrum, LiFi expands on this by utilizing other light frequencies like infrared and ultraviolet, offering faster speeds and broader applications. This article breaks down the key differences between VLC and LiFi, helping you understand how these technologies are shaping the future of wireless communication.
How LiFi Builds on VLC

LiFi technology builds upon the principles of VLC (Visible Light Communication) but offers enhanced capabilities.
Here are key features that differentiate LiFi from VLC :
• LiFi is based on VLC principles, using light waves for data transmission, but it extends beyond visible light,
incorporating infrared and ultraviolet spectrums as well.
• LiFi transmits data using light intensity modulation, just like VLC, but LiFi achieves much higher data
speeds—up to 1 Gbps in standard tests and 40 Gbps in some experiments using infrared.
• LiFi uses LEDs at the transmitter end and photo-detectors at the receiver end, while VLC is restricted to
visible light communication. In LiFi systems, a lamp driver connects LEDs to the internet server,
enabling high-speed internet through light.
• LiFi operates within the 400 THz to 800 THz range of the light spectrum for visible light but can
also use non-visible frequencies, unlike VLC.
• LiFi supports multiple network configurations, including peer-to-peer, star, and broadcast modes.
• Modulation schemes like OOK (On-Off Keying), VPPM (Variable Pulse Position Modulation), and CSK (Color Shift Keying)
are used in both technologies, but LiFi can operate more efficiently at higher frequencies.
• LiFi is standardized under IEEE 802.15.7, defining its physical and MAC layers, enabling widespread adoption for
applications such as street lighting, internet access, and digital signage.
• A key advantage of LiFi is its Line of Sight (LOS) operation, which makes it faster and more secure than traditional
wireless methods, while VLC remains more limited in its scope.

Difference Between VLC and LiFi Technologies
Feature | VLC (Visible Light Communication) | LiFi (Light Fidelity) |
---|---|---|
Spectrum Used | Visible Light | Visible, Infrared, and UV Light |
Data Speed | Moderate (up to 1 Gbps in lab tests) | Higher (up to 40 Gbps in tests using infrared light) |
Primary Application | Communication via visible light only | High-speed internet, secure communication, broader scope |
IEEE Standard | No specific single standard | IEEE 802.15.7 standard for PHY and MAC layers |
Network Configurations | Primarily point-to-point | Peer-to-peer, star, broadcast |
Security | Limited to visible light transmission | Enhanced security with Line of Sight (LOS) communication |
Following points summarize major differences between VLC and LiFi.
➨LiFi vs VLC in Spectrum: LiFi can use both visible and non-visible spectrums (infrared, UV),
whereas VLC is confined to the visible light spectrum.
➨Speed: LiFi has achieved much higher data transmission speeds, reaching up to 40 Gbps in tests,
while VLC speeds remain lower.
➨Applications: Both have unique applications, but LiFi's broader spectrum capabilities give it an
edge for high-speed internet and more secure data transmission.
Conclusion
Both VLC and LiFi represent the next generation of wireless communication, but their differences lie in spectrum usage, data transmission speeds, and application scope. VLC is primarily limited to visible light, while LiFi leverages additional light spectra to offer faster and more secure connections. As LiFi continues to evolve, it is likely to play an increasingly significant role in high-speed data transmission, offering advantages over traditional wireless technologies. Understanding the difference between VLC and LiFi helps in choosing the right technology for specific communication needs.
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