BEV vs PHEV vs HEV | Difference between BEV PHEV HEV
This page compares BEV vs PHEV vs HEV electric vehicle (EV) types and mentions difference between BEV, PHEV and HEV types.
Introduction : Electric vehicles use electric motor for traction and chemical batteries, fuel cells, ultracapacitors and/or flywheels for their corresponding energy sources. The EVs (electric vehicles) have many benefits over the traditional IC (Internal Combustion) engine type of vehicle such as no emissions, higher efficiency and quick and smooth operation. Electric vehicles (EVs) can be categorized into three major types which include BEV, PHEV and HEV.
What is BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) ?
• This EV runs using electric motor and battery entirely.
• It does not require support of IC engine.
• It must be plugged into an external electricity source to recharge the battery.
• It can also recharge batteries through regenerative braking like other electric vehicles.
• BEV Vehicle Models : Tesla Model S, BMW i3, Nissan Leaf, Mitsubishi iMiEV, Ford Focus EV etc.
What is PHEV (Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle) ?
• This EV uses electric motor and battery which can be plugged into power grid for battery charging.
• It also uses IC (Internal Combustion) engine which can also be used to recharge battery.
This IC engine can be used to replace electric motor when battery condition is low.
• This PHEV vehicle type uses electricity from power grid.
• It offers more savings in fuel costs compare to HEV type.
• PHEV Vehicle Models : BMW i3 REX, Cadillac ELR, GM Chevy Volt, Ford Fusion Energi, Porsche Panamera SE, Toyota Prius Plugin etc.
What is HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) ?
• This EV type uses two drive systems which are complementary to each other.
It uses gasoline engine with fuel tank and electric motor with battery.
• Both engine and electric motor can turn transmission simultaneously. This transmission results into turning of the wheels
of the vehicle.
• HEVs can not be recharged from electricity grid. It derives energy from gasoline and regenerative braking system.
• HEV Vehicle Models : Audi Q5 Hybrid, Acura ILX Hybrid, Cadillac Escalade Hybrid, BMW Active Hybrid 3, Honda Civic Hybrid,
Hyundai Sonata Hybrid, Infiniti Q50 Hybrid, Kia Optima Hybrid, Lexus CT 200h, Lincoln MKZ, Toyota Highlander Hybrid, VW Jetta Turbo Hybrid etc.
Difference between BEV, PHEV and HEV
Following table mentions difference between BEV, PHEV and HEV electric vehicle (EV) types.
| Comparison parameters | BEV | PHEV | HEV |
|---|---|---|---|
| • Full Form | Battery Electric Vehicle | Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle | Hybrid Electric Vehicle |
| • Grid connection | Yes, It can be connected. | Yes, It can be connected with electrical grid. | No |
| • Inclusion of IC (Internal Combustion) Engine in EV | No | Yes | Yes |
| • Range | 50 to 250 miles (~ 100 miles typically) | 5 to 50 miles | Short |
| • Battery capacity | 20KWh (Typically), 50KWh+ for high performance EV models. | 40KWh or less than this | 30KWh or less |
| • Sources of energy | Plug-in | Plug-in and petrol/Diesel | Petrol/Diesel |
| • Tailpipe emissions | No emission | Less emission | More than PHEV |
| • Consumption | Electrical energy | Gasoline (less amount) and Electrical energy (more amount) | Gasoline (More amount) and Electrical energy (less amount) |
➨Refer advantages and disadvantages of Electric Vehicle types >>.
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