Understanding Waveguide Switches: Types and Applications
Waveguide switches are vital components in microwave systems, enabling the routing of high frequency signals between different paths. This article delves into their working principles, various types and practical uses in industries like communication and defense.
The device which usually interfaces with two input waveguide ports and one output port; but actively guide Electro-Magnetic waves (EM waves) from one input port to the output port is called waveguide switch .
Working Principle
Waveguide switches manipulate the signal flow by opening or closing specific waveguide paths using mechanical movements or electronic control. This ensures seamless and low-loss signal routing.
It is mainly used in switch over units in VSAT Hub or central stations in LNA and High Power amplifier systems. Refer RF Switch for more information.
Waveguide switch is available in various waveguide sizes. Following specifications need to
be considered for selection of the waveguide switch.
• Frequency range
• Isolation in dB
• Insertion Loss in dB
• VSWR
• Power handling capability (peak/average)
• Current consumption
• Switching time
Figure depicts waveguide switch sketch. As shown, it is controlled using DC voltage applied. Various control voltage options are available. Switch can be placed either in position 1 or position 2 as shown.
Types of Waveguide Switches
1. Electromechanical Switches:
• Operated by mechanical actuators.
• Reliable for low frequency systems.
2. Electronic Switches:
• Use diodes or transistors for rapid switching.
• Preferred in high speed and high frequency applications.
Waveguide Switch Manufacturers
• Dowkey Microwave Corporation, https://www.mpgdover.com/
• Flann Microwave Limited, www.flann.com
• Sector Microwave Industries, https://www.sectormicrowave.com/
• General Atomics, www.ga.com
• Logus Microwave
• Eravant (formerly SAGE Millimeter)
• Pasternack
• Radiall
• QuinStar Technology
• Keysight Technologies
• Ducommun
• Kratos General Microwave
• AFT Microwave GmbH
• Fairview Microwave
Applications
• Radar systems for path selection. • Satellite communication for signal routing. • RF testing environments for multiple setups.
Conclusion
Waveguide switches provide seamless signal routing, enhancing the efficiency of microwave systems. Knowing their types and functions aids in deploying the right solution for diverse applications.