RPL vs CORPL vs CARP-difference between RPL,CORPL,CARP IoT
This page compares RPL vs CORPL vs CARP used in IoT and mentions difference between RPL, CORPL and CARP. These are used as network layer routing protocols in IoT.
We are aware that network late is categorized into two sub-layers viz. routing and encapsulation. Routing layer takes of transferring packets from source to the destination while encapsulation layer takes care of formation of packets. All the three i.e. RPL, CORPL and CARP are network layer routing protocols.
RPL
Following are the features of RPL protocol as defined in RFC6550.
• It is distance vector protocol which supports
various datalink protocols.
• Here DODAG (Dedicated Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph)
has been built. This graph will have only one route
from node to the root. From this single route all the traffic is
routed.
• At the start, each of the nodes send DODAG information
object (i.e. DIO). These messages are propagated in the network
which help in construction of DODAG graph.
• When any node wants to communicate, it
sends a DAO to its parents, DAO is propagated to root.
Now root decides where to transmit it based on destination
information available in the packet.
• Any node can join the network by sending the
DODAG Information Solicitation (i.e. DIS) Request to
join. Root replies back with DAO-ACK as sign of confirmation
of the joining approval.
• Here all communications happen via root as
it (i.e. root) has the complete knowledge of DODAG graph
when stateless nodes are communicating.
Stateful node has knowledge of its parents and childrens
and hence communication inside sub-tree of DODAG does not
require to go through root.
CORPL
Following are the features of CORPL protocol.
• It is extension of RPL protocol described above.
• It is designed for cognitive networks.
• It uses DODAG topology.
• It uses opportunistic forwarding in order
to forward the packet between nodes.
• Here each node keeps information of
forwarding set rather than only parent maintaining it.
Each node update others using DIO messages. Based on which
each node constructs forwarding set.
CARP
Following are the features of CARP protocol.
• CARP stands for Channel Aware Routing Protocol.
• It is developed for underwater communication and can
also be used for IoT (Internet of Things) due to light weight
packets.
• It selects the forwarding nodes based on link quality
as per available historical data transmission from neighbours.
• There are two steps in CARP routing viz.
network initialization and data forwarding.
• In network initialization, HELLO packet is
being broadcasted from sink to all other nodes.
In data forwarding, packet is being routed hop by
hop from sensor to the sink. Here each of the next hop is
determined independent of the others.
• E-CARP is enhancement to the CARP.
Following table mentions comparison between RPL, CORPL and CARP protocols.
Features | RPL | CORPL | CARP |
---|---|---|---|
Full Form | Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks | Cognitive RPL | Channel-Aware Routing Protocol |
Server technologies | Supported | Supported | Not supported |
Security | Not supported | Not supported | Not supported |
Storage management | Supported | Not supported | Supported |
Data management | Supported | Supported | Supported |
IoT Wireless Technologies
➤WLAN
➤THREAD
➤EnOcean
➤LoRa
➤SIGFOX
➤WHDI
➤Zigbee
➤6LoWPAN
➤Zigbee RF4CE
➤Z-Wave
➤NFC
➤RFID
➤INSTEON
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