LiFePO4 battery Vs Li-Ion battery-Difference between LiFePO4 battery and Li-Ion battery
This page compares LiFePO4 battery Vs Li-Ion (Lithium-ion) battery and mentions difference between LiFePO4 battery and Li-Ion battery types. The advantages and disadvantages of LiFePO4 (Lithium-ion Phosphate) battery and Li-Ion battery are also mentioned.
LiFePO4 battery | Lithium-ion Phosphate battery
Following are the features of LiFePO4 battery.
• The term LiFePO4 stands for lithium-ion phosphate.
• It is one type of rechargeable battery also known as LFP battery.
• It uses LiFePO4 as cathode and graphite carbon electrode with metallic grid as anode.
• It is used in vehicles, security lighting systems and as backup power due to lower cost, lower toxicity, long term stability and
better performance.
• Cell voltage during operation is between 3 to 3.3 V.
• It offers volumetric energy density of about 220 Wh/dm3.
• It offers more than 10 years and cycle durability of about 2000 cycles.
Li-Ion battery | Lithium Ion Battery
Following are the features of Lithium Ion battery.
• It is one of the rechargeable battery type used in home electronics.
• In Lithium Ion battery, lithium ions move from negative
electrode towards positive ones during discharge phase and back during charging phase.
• The battery uses intercalated lithium compound as one of the
electrode material.
• The battery cell houses electrolyte and two electrodes.
The electrolyte allows ionic movement.
• They have silent features such as higher energy density,
lower self discharge and tiny memory effect.
Following table mentions comparison between LiFePO4 battery and Li-Ion battery.
| Features | LiFePO4 battery | Li-Ion battery |
|---|---|---|
| Energy density in Wh/Kg | 90 to 120 | 150 to 180 |
| V(nom)/cell | 3.2 V | 3.6 V |
| V(charging) | 3.5 to 3.65 V | 3.9 to 4.2 V |
| Area | Medium | Lower |
| Price | Medium | Higher |
| Advantages | • High Current rating • Good thermal stability • Safer compare to Li-Ion battery • Tolerant to full charge conditions |
• High energy density • Long life time • Offers high voltage per cell of about 3.6 V and hence single cell can be used for space savings requirements. |
| Disadvantages | • Offers Lower voltage per cell of about 3.2 V • High self discharge which can cause balancing issues with aging |
• It is fragile and hence requires protection circuit for safe operation
• Peak voltage is limited during charging • It requires monitoring of temperature • It is expensive |
Also refer difference between Dry cell vs Wet cell>> and Lithium Ion battery vs Lithium Polymer battery>>.
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